Volcanic mountains:В These mountains are formed as a result of the solidification of the lava that comes of the volcanos and gets accumulated near their mouth.В Cotopaxi in South America, Fujiyama in Japan and Rainier in the USA are the mountains of volcanic origin.Д¤. One example is the Black Forest in Germany.ДЈ. When they rise to a high elevation, they are referred to as block mountains. With the breaking of these faults, blocks emerge. Block mountains:В The horizontal movement of plates results into cracks and faults on the Earth's surface. TheВ Aravallis, on the other hand, are comparatively old, so they are called old fold mountains.Дў. The Himalayas and theВ Rockies are of recent origin hence, they are called young fold mountains. They are of two types: young fold mountains and old fold mountains. Fold mountains:В These mountains are formed by the folding of tectonic layers within the Earth's surface. This is the reason big cities are located in plains. They are the fertile lands formed by the deposition of sand and silt brought by rivers. For example, the Himalayan mountain chain is divided into the higher, middle and lower Himalayas.Д¤.В вЂ‹Big cities are located in the plains.Д®xplanation: Plains are wide stretches of land at a relatively low height.

They cause irregularities on the surface of the Earth, thereby forming highlands and lowlands.Дў.В вЂ‹The wearing away of the earth's surface is called erosion.Д®xplanation: Erosion is the phenomenon of the removal of the top layer of the Earth's surface through the action of agents like air, running water and glaciers.ДЈ.В вЂ‹A mountain chain has several parallel, long and narrow ranges.Д®xplanation: In a mountain chain, there are numerous long mountain ranges running parallel to each other. The forces which originate from within the earth are called tectonic forces.Д®xplanation:В Tectonic forces originate from within the Earth's surface.

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